How to Control Humidity in Operation Theatre

1. Install a Reliable HVAC System

   - Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems are essential for controlling humidity. These systems should be designed specifically for healthcare environments and capable of maintaining the required temperature and humidity levels.

   - HVAC systems in operating theatres typically need to maintain humidity between 40% and 60% and temperatures between 18°C and 22°C (64°F to 72°F).

   - Ensure the system includes humidity control mechanisms like dehumidifiers and humidifiers, depending on the external environment.

 

2. Use Humidity Sensors and Monitors

   - Install accurate humidity sensors within the OT to continuously monitor the moisture levels in the air.

   - Integrate these sensors with an alarm system that will notify the staff if the humidity goes outside the acceptable range.

   - Periodically calibrate the sensors to ensure their accuracy.

 

3. Air Filtration System

   - A High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filtration system is crucial in OT ventilation systems. It helps regulate not only air quality but also humidity by filtering out moisture particles that could contribute to improper humidity levels.

   

4. Control Air Changes Per Hour (ACH)

   - Increase the number of air changes per hour (ACH). Operating theatres usually require 15-25 ACH, depending on the size and standards of the facility. These air exchanges help reduce excess humidity.

   - Maintain a slightly positive air pressure in the OT to prevent outside, possibly humid air, from entering the sterile zone.

 

5. Seal Windows and Doors

   - Prevent external air from leaking into the OT, as it could introduce humidity that is out of the controlled range. Make sure that windows, doors, and any other openings are tightly sealed.

   

6. Use Dehumidifiers

   - In areas with naturally high humidity, standalone or built-in dehumidifiers can be installed to remove excess moisture from the air, keeping humidity levels stable. Using the dehumidifier for HVAC system will enhance the effect of the system's performance on humidity control.

   

7. Limit Wet Cleaning Practices

   - Excessive use of water-based cleaning procedures can raise the humidity in an OT. Use dry or damp cloth cleaning where possible or schedule wet cleaning at times when the OT is not in use, allowing the HVAC system to stabilize humidity before surgery.

   

8. Control Room Temperature

   - There's a strong link between temperature and humidity, as warmer air holds more moisture. Maintaining a stable temperature within the recommended range will assist in keeping humidity under control.

 

9. Staff Training and Procedures

   - Ensure that staff are trained to keep doors closed as much as possible and to report any environmental control issues. This reduces the risk of fluctuating humidity levels caused by external air.

 

Maintaining proper humidity in the operating theatre is essential for preventing microbial growth, corrosion of instruments, and static electricity. A well-maintained HVAC system, combined with proper monitoring and procedures, will help achieve consistent humidity control.